Section 13 in THE BHARATIYA SAKSHYA ADHINIYAM, 2023 – BSA

Facts bearing on question whether act was accidental or intentional.

  1. When there is a question whether an act was accidental or intentional, or done
    with a particular knowledge or intention, the fact that such act formed part of a series of
    similar occurrences, in each of which the person doing the act was concerned, is relevant.
    Illustrations.
    (a) A is accused of burning down his house in order to obtain money for which it is
    insured. The facts that A lived in several houses successively each of which he insured, in
    each of which a fire occurred, and after each of which fires A received payment from a
    different insurance company, are relevant, as tending to show that the fires were not
    accidental.
    (b) A is employed to receive money from the debtors of B. It is A’s duty to make entries
    in a book showing the amounts received by him. He makes an entry showing that on a
    particular occasion he received less than he really did receive. The question is, whether this
    false entry was accidental or intentional. The facts that other entries made by A in the same
    book are false, and that the false entry is in each case in favour of A, are relevant.
    (c) A is accused of fraudulently delivering to B a counterfeit currency. The question
    is, whether the delivery of the currency was accidental. The facts that, soon before or soon
    after the delivery to B, A delivered counterfeit currency to C, D and E are relevant, as
    showing that the delivery to B was not accidental.