Section 131 in THE BHARATIYA NYAYA SANHITA, 2023 – BNS

Punishment
for assault or
criminal force
otherwise than
on grave
provocation

131. Whoever assaults or uses criminal force to any person otherwise than on grave
     and sudden provocation given by that person, shall be punished with imprisonment of either
     description for a term which may extend to three months, or with fine which may extend to
     one thousand rupees, or with both.
     Explanation 1.—Grave and sudden provocation will not mitigate the punishment for
     an offence under this section,—
     (a) if the provocation is sought or voluntarily provoked by the offender as an
     excuse for the offence; or
     (b) if the provocation is given by anything done in obedience to the law, or by a
     public servant, in the lawful exercise of the powers of such public servant; or
     (c) if the provocation is given by anything done in the lawful exercise of the right
     of private defence.
     Explanation 2.—Whether the provocation was grave and sudden enough to mitigate
     the offence, is a question of fact.